{"id":208395,"date":"2026-10-15T18:10:00","date_gmt":"2026-10-15T09:10:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ichizenholdings.co.jp\/media\/?p=208395"},"modified":"2026-09-25T19:38:33","modified_gmt":"2026-09-25T10:38:33","slug":"math-random-number-generation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ichizenholdings.co.jp\/media\/trading\/financial-engineering\/math-random-number-generation\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6570\u5b66\u7de8 \u7b2c32\u56de \u4e71\u6570\u751f\u6210 \u2015 \u9006\u95a2\u6570\u6cd5\u3068 Box-Muller \u6cd5"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<blockquote class=\"is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u4f4d\u7f6e: \u6570\u5b66\u7de8 \u7b2c32\u56de \/ \u524d\u63d0: M15 \/ \u6570\u5b66\u7de8: \u306a\u3057 \/ \u3053\u306e\u56de\u3067\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068: \u4e00\u69d8\u4e71\u6570\u304b\u3089\u3001\u9006\u95a2\u6570\u6cd5\u3068 Box-Muller \u6cd5\u3067\u6b63\u898f\u4e71\u6570\u3092\u4f5c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">0. \u7269\u8a9e \u2015 0\u304c\u51fa\u308b\u3068\u5bfe\u6570\u304c\u767a\u6563\u3059\u308b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u304f\u3058\u5f15\u304d\u3067\u300c\u306f\u305a\u308c\u300d\u3092\u5f15\u304f\u306e\u306f\u3001\u3088\u304f\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u300c\u30bc\u30ed\u300d\u3068\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u305f\u7279\u5225\u306a\u672d\u3092\u5f15\u3044\u305f\u77ac\u9593\u306b\u3001\u30b2\u30fc\u30e0\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u304c\u58ca\u308c\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u3068\u3057\u305f\u3089\u3069\u3046\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u3067\u4e71\u6570\u3092\u4f5c\u308b\u3068\u304d\u3001\u307e\u3055\u306b\u305d\u3046\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u304c\u8d77\u3053\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u304c\u307e\u305a\u7528\u610f\u3067\u304d\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001\u30bc\u30ed\u304b\u30891\u307e\u3067\u306e\u6570\u3092\u3067\u305f\u3089\u3081\u306b\u51fa\u3059\u4ed5\u7d44\u307f\u3067\u3059\u3002\u30b5\u30a4\u30b3\u30ed\u306e\u76ee\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u504f\u308a\u306e\u306a\u3044\u4e71\u6570\u3067\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3092\u4e00\u69d8\u4e71\u6570\u3068\u547c\u3073\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u91d1\u878d\u306e\u8a08\u7b97\u3067\u5927\u91cf\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306b\u306a\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001\u3064\u308a\u304c\u306d\u578b\u3092\u3057\u305f\u5225\u306e\u7a2e\u985e\u306e\u4e71\u6570\u3067\u3059\u3002\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u306f\u3064\u308a\u304c\u306d\u578b\u306e\u4e71\u6570\u3092\u76f4\u63a5\u306f\u4f5c\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u4e00\u69d8\u4e71\u6570\u3092\u6570\u5b66\u7684\u306b\u52a0\u5de5\u3057\u3066\u3001\u3064\u308a\u304c\u306d\u578b\u306b\u5909\u63db\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5909\u63db\u306e\u65b9\u6cd5\u306e\u4e00\u3064\u306b\u30012\u3064\u306e\u4e00\u69d8\u4e71\u6570\u3092\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u3066\u30012\u3064\u306e\u3064\u308a\u304c\u306d\u578b\u306e\u4e71\u6570\u3092\u540c\u6642\u306b\u4f5c\u308b\u624b\u6cd5\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u624b\u6cd5\u3067\u306f\u3001\u7247\u65b9\u306e\u4e00\u69d8\u4e71\u6570\u306e\u5bfe\u6570\u3092\u9014\u4e2d\u3067\u8a08\u7b97\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3068\u3053\u308d\u304c\u3001\u3082\u3057\u305d\u306e\u4e71\u6570\u304c\u3061\u3087\u3046\u3069\u30bc\u30ed\u3060\u3063\u305f\u3089\u3001\u30bc\u30ed\u306e\u5bfe\u6570\u306f\u8a08\u7b97\u3067\u304d\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u5024\u304c\u969b\u9650\u306a\u304f\u30de\u30a4\u30ca\u30b9\u306b\u767a\u6563\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5909\u63db\u5f8c\u306e\u5024\u3082\u969b\u9650\u306a\u304f\u5927\u304d\u304f\u306a\u308a\u3001\u8a08\u7b97\u5168\u4f53\u304c\u4f7f\u3044\u7269\u306b\u306a\u3089\u306a\u304f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3060\u304b\u3089\u3001\u4e00\u69d8\u4e71\u6570\u3092\u4f5c\u308b\u7bc4\u56f2\u306b\u30bc\u30ed\u3092\u542b\u3081\u3066\u306f\u3044\u3051\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u300c\u7aef\u3092\u542b\u3080\u300d\u7bc4\u56f2\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u300c\u7aef\u3092\u542b\u307e\u306a\u3044\u300d\u7bc4\u56f2\u3067\u4e71\u6570\u3092\u53d6\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305f\u3063\u305f1\u3064\u306e\u5024\u3092\u9664\u5916\u3059\u308b\u3060\u3051\u306e\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3092\u5fd8\u308c\u308b\u3068\u7d50\u679c\u304c\u4e38\u3054\u3068\u58ca\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u56de\u3067\u306f\u3001\u4e00\u69d8\u4e71\u6570\u304b\u3089\u3064\u308a\u304c\u306d\u578b\u306e\u4e71\u6570\u3092\u4f5c\u308b2\u3064\u306e\u65b9\u6cd5\u3092\u8a3c\u660e\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4e71\u6570\u306e\u4f5c\u308a\u65b9\u306e\u8cea\u304c\u60aa\u3044\u3068\u4f55\u304c\u8d77\u3053\u308b\u304b\u3092\u3001\u6570\u5024\u3067\u78ba\u304b\u3081\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u52d5\u6a5f \u2015 \u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u3067\u6b63\u898f\u5206\u5e03\u3092\u3069\u3046\u4f5c\u308b\u304b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3053\u306e\u56de\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u7d42\u3048\u308b\u3068\u3001\u4e00\u69d8\u4e71\u6570\u304b\u3089\u3001\u9006\u95a2\u6570\u6cd5\u3068 Box-Muller \u6cd5\u3067\u6b63\u898f\u4e71\u6570\u3092\u4f5c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u91d1\u878d\u306e\u8a08\u7b97\u3067\u306f\u3001\u6b63\u898f\u5206\u5e03\u306b\u5f93\u3046\u4e71\u6570\u304c\u5927\u91cf\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u682a\u4fa1\u306e\u5c06\u6765\u306e\u52d5\u304d\u3092\u4f55\u4e07\u56de\u3082\u30b7\u30df\u30e5\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3059\u308b\u3068\u304d\uff08\u30e2\u30f3\u30c6\u30ab\u30eb\u30ed\u6cd5\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u3001\u672c\u7de8\u7b2c96\u56de\u3067\u6271\u3044\u307e\u3059\uff09\u3001\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3073\u306b\u6b63\u898f\u4e71\u6570\u3092\u751f\u6210\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u304c\u76f4\u63a5\u4f5c\u308c\u308b\u4e71\u6570\u306f <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">[<\/span><span class=\"mord\">0<\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u4e0a\u306e\u4e00\u69d8\u4e71\u6570\u3060\u3051\u3067\u3059\u3002\u6b63\u898f\u5206\u5e03\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u8907\u96d1\u306a\u5206\u5e03\u306f\u3001\u4e00\u69d8\u4e71\u6570\u3092\u6570\u5b66\u7684\u306b\u5909\u63db\u3057\u3066\u4f5c\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4eca\u56de\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5909\u63db\u306e\u7406\u8ad6\u30922\u3064\u8a3c\u660e\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u3053\u306e\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u8a3c\u660e\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n\n<li><strong>THM-M32-1<\/strong> \u4e00\u69d8\u4e71\u6570\u306b\u5206\u5e03\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u9006\u95a2\u6570\u3092\u9069\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u306e\u5206\u5e03\u306b\u5f93\u3046\u4e71\u6570\u304c\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\uff08\u9006\u95a2\u6570\u6cd5\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n<li><strong>THM-M32-2<\/strong> 2\u3064\u306e\u72ec\u7acb\u306a\u4e00\u69d8\u4e71\u6570\u304b\u3089\u3001\u72ec\u7acb\u306a2\u3064\u306e\u6a19\u6e96\u6b63\u898f\u4e71\u6570\u3092\u540c\u6642\u306b\u4f5c\u308c\u307e\u3059\uff08Box-Muller \u6cd5\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n<li><strong>THM-M32-3<\/strong> \u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u6f38\u5316\u5f0f\u3067\u4f5c\u308b\u64ec\u4f3c\u4e71\u6570\u306b\u306f\u5468\u671f\u304c\u3042\u308a\u3001\u751f\u6210\u6cd5\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u306f\u9ad8\u6b21\u5143\u3067\u898f\u5247\u7684\u306a\u69cb\u9020\u304c\u73fe\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u8a2d\u5b9a\u3068\u4eee\u5b9a \u2015 \u4e00\u69d8\u4e71\u6570\u304b\u3089\u51fa\u767a\u3059\u308b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u4e71\u6570\u751f\u6210\u306f\u3001\u6b21\u306e2\u6bb5\u968e\u3067\u69cb\u6210\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u7b2c1\u6bb5\u968e<\/strong>: \u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u6f38\u5316\u5f0f\uff08\u64ec\u4f3c\u4e71\u6570\u751f\u6210\u5668\uff09\u3067 <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">[<\/span><span class=\"mord\">0<\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u4e0a\u306e\u4e00\u69d8\u4e71\u6570\u3092\u4f5c\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7b2c2\u6bb5\u968e<\/strong>: \u4e00\u69d8\u4e71\u6570\u3092\u6570\u5b66\u7684\u306b\u5909\u63db\u3057\u3066\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u306e\u5206\u5e03\u306b\u5f93\u3046\u4e71\u6570\u3092\u4f5c\u308b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c1\u6bb5\u968e\u306e\u6700\u3082\u5358\u7d14\u306a\u4f8b\u306f<strong>\u7dda\u5f62\u5408\u540c\u6cd5<\/strong>\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<section><eqn><span class=\"katex-display\"><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6389em;vertical-align:-0.2083em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">x<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">n<\/span><span class=\"mbin mtight\">+<\/span><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.2083em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">a<\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">x<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.1514em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2222em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mbin\">+<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2222em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">c<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.0556em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2222em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mbin\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathrm\">mod<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.0556em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2222em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.4306em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">m<\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-tag\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord text\"><span class=\"mord\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\">1.1<\/span><\/span><span class=\"mord\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eqn><\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3053\u3053\u3067 <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.4306em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">a<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq>, <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.4306em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">c<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq>, <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.4306em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">m<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306f\u6574\u6570\u306e\u5b9a\u6570\u3001<eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.5806em;vertical-align:-0.15em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">x<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306f\u521d\u671f\u5024\uff08\u30b7\u30fc\u30c9\uff09\u3067\u3059\u3002<eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">x<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.1514em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mord\">\/<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">m<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u3092 <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">[<\/span><span class=\"mord\">0<\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u4e0a\u306e\u4e00\u69d8\u4e71\u6570\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4f7f\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3053\u306e\u65b9\u6cd5\u306f\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3001\u540c\u3058\u30b7\u30fc\u30c9\u304b\u3089\u306f\u540c\u3058\u5217\u304c\u51fa\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5468\u671f\u306f\u6700\u5927\u3067\u3082 <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.4306em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">m<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u3067\u3059\u3002\u4eca\u56de\u306e\u4e3b\u984c\u306f\u7b2c2\u6bb5\u968e\u306e\u6570\u5b66\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u7b2c1\u6bb5\u968e\u306e\u8cea\u304c\u7d50\u679c\u306b\u3069\u3046\u5f71\u97ff\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3082\u5f8c\u534a\u3067\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3067\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u4eee\u5b9a\u3092\u7f6e\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6833em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.109em;\">U<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq>, <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8333em;vertical-align:-0.15em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.109em;\">U<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.109em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq>, <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8333em;vertical-align:-0.15em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.109em;\">U<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.109em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306f <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">[<\/span><span class=\"mord\">0<\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u4e0a\u306e\u4e00\u69d8\u5206\u5e03\u306b\u5f93\u3046\u78ba\u7387\u5909\u6570\u3068\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/li>\n<li><eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8333em;vertical-align:-0.15em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.109em;\">U<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.109em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u3068 <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8333em;vertical-align:-0.15em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.109em;\">U<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.109em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306f\u72ec\u7acb\u3068\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5206\u5e03\u95a2\u6570 <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6833em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.1389em;\">F<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306f\u53f3\u9023\u7d9a\u3067\u5358\u8abf\u975e\u6e1b\u5c11\u3001<eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mop\"><span class=\"mop\">lim<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.2583em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">x<\/span><span class=\"mrel mtight\">\u2192<\/span><span class=\"mord mtight\">\u2212<\/span><span class=\"mord mtight\">\u221e<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.2083em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.1389em;\">F<\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">x<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6444em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq>, <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mop\"><span class=\"mop\">lim<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.1514em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">x<\/span><span class=\"mrel mtight\">\u2192<\/span><span class=\"mord mtight\">\u221e<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.1389em;\">F<\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">x<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6444em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u3092\u6e80\u305f\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e00\u69d8\u4e71\u6570\u3055\u3048\u3042\u308c\u3070\u3001\u5909\u63db\u3067\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u306e\u5206\u5e03\u304c\u4f5c\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u554f\u984c\u306f\u305d\u306e\u5909\u63db\u3092\u3069\u3046\u69cb\u6210\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \u4e3b\u5f35 \u2015 \u9006\u95a2\u6570\u3068\u5909\u6570\u5909\u63db\u3067\u5206\u5e03\u3092\u5909\u3048\u3089\u308c\u308b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u5b9a\u7406 THM-M32-1\uff08\u9006\u95a2\u6570\u6cd5\uff09<\/strong>\n<eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6833em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.109em;\">U<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u304c <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">[<\/span><span class=\"mord\">0<\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u4e0a\u306e\u4e00\u69d8\u5206\u5e03\u306b\u5f93\u3044\u3001<eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6833em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.1389em;\">F<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u304c\u5206\u5e03\u95a2\u6570\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u5316\u9006\u95a2\u6570\u3092<\/p>\n<section><eqn><span class=\"katex-display\"><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1.1141em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.1389em;\">F<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.8641em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">\u2212<\/span><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">u<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mop\">in<span style=\"margin-right:0.0778em;\">f<\/span><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">{<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">x<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">\u2208<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6889em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathbb\">R<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">:<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.1389em;\">F<\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">x<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">\u2265<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">u<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">}<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eqn><\/section><p>\u3068\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001<eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6833em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0785em;\">X<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1.0641em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.1389em;\">F<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.8141em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.063em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">\u2212<\/span><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.109em;\">U<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306f\u5206\u5e03\u95a2\u6570 <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6833em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.1389em;\">F<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u3092\u6301\u3064\u78ba\u7387\u5909\u6570\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9006\u95a2\u6570\u6cd5\u306f\u300c\u4e00\u69d8\u4e71\u6570\u3092\u5206\u5e03\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u9006\u95a2\u6570\u306b\u901a\u3059\u3060\u3051\u3067\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u306e\u5206\u5e03\u304c\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u308b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5f37\u529b\u306a\u7d50\u679c\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\u3001\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u5206\u5e03\u3067\u9006\u95a2\u6570\u304c\u9589\u3058\u305f\u5f62\u3067\u66f8\u3051\u308b\u3068\u306f\u9650\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u5b9a\u7406 THM-M32-2\uff08Box-Muller \u6cd5\uff09<\/strong>\n<eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8333em;vertical-align:-0.15em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.109em;\">U<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.109em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq>, <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8333em;vertical-align:-0.15em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.109em;\">U<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.109em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u304c\u72ec\u7acb\u306b <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">[<\/span><span class=\"mord\">0<\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u4e0a\u306e\u4e00\u69d8\u5206\u5e03\u306b\u5f93\u3046\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<section><eqn><span class=\"katex-display\"><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:2.9878em;vertical-align:-1.2439em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mtable\"><span class=\"col-align-r\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:1.7439em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.76em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0715em;\">Z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.0715em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-2.1161em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0715em;\">Z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.0715em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:1.2439em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"col-align-l\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:1.7439em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.76em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\"><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord sqrt\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.9839em;\"><span class=\"svg-align\" style=\"top:-3.2em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3.2em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\" style=\"padding-left:1em;\"><span class=\"mord\">\u2212<\/span><span class=\"mord\">2<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mop\">lo<span style=\"margin-right:0.0139em;\">g<\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.109em;\">U<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.109em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-2.9439em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3.2em;\"><\/span><span class=\"hide-tail\" style=\"min-width:1.02em;height:1.28em;\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"400em\" height=\"1.28em\" viewBox=\"0 0 400000 1296\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMinYMin slice\"><path d=\"M263,681c0.7,0,18,39.7,52,119\nc34,79.3,68.167,158.7,102.5,238c34.3,79.3,51.8,119.3,52.5,120\nc340,-704.7,510.7,-1060.3,512,-1067\nl0 -0\nc4.7,-7.3,11,-11,19,-11\nH40000v40H1012.3\ns-271.3,567,-271.3,567c-38.7,80.7,-84,175,-136,283c-52,108,-89.167,185.3,-111.5,232\nc-22.3,46.7,-33.8,70.3,-34.5,71c-4.7,4.7,-12.3,7,-23,7s-12,-1,-12,-1\ns-109,-253,-109,-253c-72.7,-168,-109.3,-252,-110,-252c-10.7,8,-22,16.7,-34,26\nc-22,17.3,-33.3,26,-34,26s-26,-26,-26,-26s76,-59,76,-59s76,-60,76,-60z\nM1001 80h400000v40h-400000z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.2561em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mop\">cos<\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord\">2<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0359em;\">\u03c0<\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.109em;\">U<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.109em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-2.1161em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\"><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord sqrt\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.9839em;\"><span class=\"svg-align\" style=\"top:-3.2em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3.2em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\" style=\"padding-left:1em;\"><span class=\"mord\">\u2212<\/span><span class=\"mord\">2<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mop\">lo<span style=\"margin-right:0.0139em;\">g<\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.109em;\">U<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.109em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-2.9439em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3.2em;\"><\/span><span class=\"hide-tail\" style=\"min-width:1.02em;height:1.28em;\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"400em\" height=\"1.28em\" viewBox=\"0 0 400000 1296\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMinYMin slice\"><path d=\"M263,681c0.7,0,18,39.7,52,119\nc34,79.3,68.167,158.7,102.5,238c34.3,79.3,51.8,119.3,52.5,120\nc340,-704.7,510.7,-1060.3,512,-1067\nl0 -0\nc4.7,-7.3,11,-11,19,-11\nH40000v40H1012.3\ns-271.3,567,-271.3,567c-38.7,80.7,-84,175,-136,283c-52,108,-89.167,185.3,-111.5,232\nc-22.3,46.7,-33.8,70.3,-34.5,71c-4.7,4.7,-12.3,7,-23,7s-12,-1,-12,-1\ns-109,-253,-109,-253c-72.7,-168,-109.3,-252,-110,-252c-10.7,8,-22,16.7,-34,26\nc-22,17.3,-33.3,26,-34,26s-26,-26,-26,-26s76,-59,76,-59s76,-60,76,-60z\nM1001 80h400000v40h-400000z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.2561em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mop\">sin<\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord\">2<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0359em;\">\u03c0<\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.109em;\">U<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.109em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:1.2439em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eqn><\/section><p>\u3068\u304a\u304f\u3068\u3001<eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8333em;vertical-align:-0.15em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0715em;\">Z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.0715em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u3068 <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8333em;vertical-align:-0.15em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0715em;\">Z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.0715em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306f\u72ec\u7acb\u306b\u6a19\u6e96\u6b63\u898f\u5206\u5e03 <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.109em;\">N<\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord\">0<\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306b\u5f93\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<blockquote>\n<p><strong>\u5b9a\u7406 THM-M32-3\uff08\u64ec\u4f3c\u4e71\u6570\u306e\u5468\u671f\u3068\u76f8\u95a2\uff09<\/strong>\n\u7dda\u5f62\u5408\u540c\u6cd5 (1.1) \u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u6f38\u5316\u5f0f\u3067\u4f5c\u308b\u64ec\u4f3c\u4e71\u6570\u306b\u306f\u3001<eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.4306em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">m<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u5468\u671f\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3055\u3089\u306b\u30013\u6b21\u5143\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u7a7a\u9593\u306b\u9023\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u51fa\u529b\u3092\u4e26\u3079\u308b\u3068\u3001\u70b9\u306f\u6709\u9650\u500b\u306e\u8d85\u5e73\u9762\u4e0a\u306b\u3057\u304b\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b9a\u7406 THM-M32-3 \u306f Marsaglia \u306e\u5b9a\u7406\u3068\u3057\u3066\u77e5\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5468\u671f\u306e\u77ed\u3044\u751f\u6210\u5668\u307b\u3069\u3001\u5e73\u9762\u306e\u679a\u6570\u304c\u5c11\u306a\u304f\u306a\u308a\u3001\u898f\u5247\u7684\u306a\u69cb\u9020\u304c\u76ee\u7acb\u3061\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"finmath-proof\"><summary>\u8a3c\u660e\u3092\u8aad\u3080\uff08\u8aad\u307e\u306a\u304f\u3066\u3082\u8a18\u4e8b\u306f\u5b8c\u7d50\u3057\u307e\u3059\uff09<\/summary>\n<h2>4. \u8a3c\u660e \u2015 \u5909\u6570\u5909\u63db\u306e\u516c\u5f0f\u3067\u30e4\u30b3\u30d3\u30a2\u30f3\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3059\u308b<\/h2>\n<p>\u3053\u306e\u7bc0\u306f\u8aad\u307e\u306a\u304f\u3066\u3082\u8a18\u4e8b\u306f\u5b8c\u7d50\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3053\u306e\u8a3c\u660e\u3092\u8ffd\u3044\u305f\u3044\u4eba\u306f\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/ichizenholdings.co.jp\/media\/column\/financial-math\/math-change-of-variables\/\">\u6570\u5b66\u7de8 \u7b2c15\u56de\u300c\u5909\u6570\u5909\u63db\u3068\u30e4\u30b3\u30d3\u30a2\u30f3\u300d<\/a>\u3078\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>THM-M32-1 \u306e\u8a3c\u660e<\/h3>\n<p><eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6833em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0785em;\">X<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1.0641em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.1389em;\">F<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.8141em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.063em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">\u2212<\/span><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.109em;\">U<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306e\u5206\u5e03\u95a2\u6570\u304c <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6833em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.1389em;\">F<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3001\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\u4efb\u610f\u306e <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.5782em;vertical-align:-0.0391em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">x<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">\u2208<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6889em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathbb\">R<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066 <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathbb\">P<\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0785em;\">X<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">\u2264<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">x<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.1389em;\">F<\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">x<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u3092\u793a\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u822c\u5316\u9006\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9\u304b\u3089\u3001\u6b21\u306e\u540c\u5024\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c\u6210\u308a\u7acb\u3061\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<section><eqn><span class=\"katex-display\"><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1.1141em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.1389em;\">F<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.8641em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">\u2212<\/span><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">u<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">\u2264<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.549em;vertical-align:-0.024em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">x<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">\u27fa<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.7719em;vertical-align:-0.136em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">u<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">\u2264<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.1389em;\">F<\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">x<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-tag\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1.1141em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord text\"><span class=\"mord\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\">2.1<\/span><\/span><span class=\"mord\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eqn><\/section>\n<p>\u3053\u308c\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1.0641em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.1389em;\">F<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.8141em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.063em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">\u2212<\/span><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">u<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mop\">in<span style=\"margin-right:0.0778em;\">f<\/span><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">{<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0359em;\">y<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">:<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.1389em;\">F<\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0359em;\">y<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">\u2265<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">u<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">}<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306a\u306e\u3067\u3001<eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1.0641em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.1389em;\">F<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.8141em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.063em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">\u2212<\/span><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">u<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">\u2264<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.4306em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">x<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3001<eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.1389em;\">F<\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0359em;\">y<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">\u2265<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.4306em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">u<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u3092\u6e80\u305f\u3059 <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.625em;vertical-align:-0.1944em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0359em;\">y<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306e\u4e0b\u9650\u304c <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.4306em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">x<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u4ee5\u4e0b\u3060\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u3002<eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6833em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.1389em;\">F<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306f\u53f3\u9023\u7d9a\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3001<eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.1389em;\">F<\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">x<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">\u2265<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.4306em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">u<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u304c\u6210\u308a\u7acb\u3061\u307e\u3059\u3002\u9006\u306b <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.1389em;\">F<\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">x<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">\u2265<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.4306em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">u<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306a\u3089\u3001<eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.4306em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">x<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306f <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">{<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0359em;\">y<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">:<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.1389em;\">F<\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0359em;\">y<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">\u2265<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">u<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">}<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306e\u5143\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3001\u305d\u306e\u4e0b\u9650\u306f <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.4306em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">x<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u4ee5\u4e0b\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>(2.1) \u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066 <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6833em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0785em;\">X<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1.0641em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.1389em;\">F<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.8141em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.063em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">\u2212<\/span><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.109em;\">U<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306e\u5206\u5e03\u95a2\u6570\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<section><eqn><span class=\"katex-display\"><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:2.7241em;vertical-align:-1.1121em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mtable\"><span class=\"col-align-r\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:1.6121em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.7479em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathbb\">P<\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0785em;\">X<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">\u2264<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">x<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-2.2479em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:1.1121em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"col-align-l\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:1.6121em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.7479em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\"><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathbb\">P<\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.1389em;\">F<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.8641em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">\u2212<\/span><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.109em;\">U<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">\u2264<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">x<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-2.2479em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\"><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathbb\">P<\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.109em;\">U<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">\u2264<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.1389em;\">F<\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">x<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">))<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:1.1121em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-tag\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:2.7241em;vertical-align:-1.1121em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord text\"><span class=\"mord\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\">2.2<\/span><\/span><span class=\"mord\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eqn><\/section>\n<p>2\u884c\u76ee\u306f (2.1) \u306e\u540c\u5024\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u9069\u7528\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6833em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.109em;\">U<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306f <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">[<\/span><span class=\"mord\">0<\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u4e0a\u306e\u4e00\u69d8\u5206\u5e03\u306b\u5f93\u3046\u306e\u3067\u3001<eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.7804em;vertical-align:-0.136em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">0<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">\u2264<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.1389em;\">F<\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">x<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">\u2264<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6444em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306e\u7bc4\u56f2\u3067\u306f<\/p>\n<section><eqn><span class=\"katex-display\"><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathbb\">P<\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.109em;\">U<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">\u2264<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.1389em;\">F<\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">x<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">))<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.1389em;\">F<\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">x<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eqn><\/section>\n<p>\u304c\u6210\u308a\u7acb\u3061\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4e00\u69d8\u5206\u5e03\u306e\u5206\u5e03\u95a2\u6570\u304c <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">[<\/span><span class=\"mord\">0<\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u4e0a\u3067\u6052\u7b49\u95a2\u6570\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u4f7f\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066 <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathbb\">P<\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0785em;\">X<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">\u2264<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">x<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.1389em;\">F<\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">x<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u304c\u793a\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 \u220e<\/p>\n<h3>THM-M32-2 \u306e\u8a3c\u660e<\/h3>\n<p>Box-Muller \u6cd5\u306e\u8a3c\u660e\u306f\u3001\u6975\u5ea7\u6a19\u3078\u306e\u5909\u6570\u5909\u63db\u3068\u30e4\u30b3\u30d3\u30a2\u30f3\u306e\u8a08\u7b97\u3067\u884c\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d71: \u5909\u6570\u5909\u63db\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8333em;vertical-align:-0.15em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.109em;\">U<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.109em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq>, <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8333em;vertical-align:-0.15em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.109em;\">U<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.109em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306f\u72ec\u7acb\u306b <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord\">0<\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u4e0a\u306e\u4e00\u69d8\u5206\u5e03\u306b\u5f93\u3044\u307e\u3059\uff08<eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8333em;vertical-align:-0.15em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.109em;\">U<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.109em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6444em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306f <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8889em;vertical-align:-0.1944em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mop\">lo<span style=\"margin-right:0.0139em;\">g<\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u3067\u7834\u7dbb\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u9664\u5916\u3057\u307e\u3059\uff09\u3002\u5909\u6570\u3092<\/p>\n<section><eqn><span class=\"katex-display\"><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6833em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0077em;\">R<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1.24em;vertical-align:-0.2561em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord sqrt\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.9839em;\"><span class=\"svg-align\" style=\"top:-3.2em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3.2em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\" style=\"padding-left:1em;\"><span class=\"mord\">\u2212<\/span><span class=\"mord\">2<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mop\">lo<span style=\"margin-right:0.0139em;\">g<\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.109em;\">U<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.109em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-2.9439em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3.2em;\"><\/span><span class=\"hide-tail\" style=\"min-width:1.02em;height:1.28em;\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"400em\" height=\"1.28em\" viewBox=\"0 0 400000 1296\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMinYMin slice\"><path d=\"M263,681c0.7,0,18,39.7,52,119\nc34,79.3,68.167,158.7,102.5,238c34.3,79.3,51.8,119.3,52.5,120\nc340,-704.7,510.7,-1060.3,512,-1067\nl0 -0\nc4.7,-7.3,11,-11,19,-11\nH40000v40H1012.3\ns-271.3,567,-271.3,567c-38.7,80.7,-84,175,-136,283c-52,108,-89.167,185.3,-111.5,232\nc-22.3,46.7,-33.8,70.3,-34.5,71c-4.7,4.7,-12.3,7,-23,7s-12,-1,-12,-1\ns-109,-253,-109,-253c-72.7,-168,-109.3,-252,-110,-252c-10.7,8,-22,16.7,-34,26\nc-22,17.3,-33.3,26,-34,26s-26,-26,-26,-26s76,-59,76,-59s76,-60,76,-60z\nM1001 80h400000v40h-400000z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.2561em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:1em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">\u0398<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8333em;vertical-align:-0.15em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">2<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0359em;\">\u03c0<\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.109em;\">U<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.109em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-tag\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1.24em;vertical-align:-0.2561em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord text\"><span class=\"mord\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\">2.3<\/span><\/span><span class=\"mord\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eqn><\/section>\n<p>\u3068\u7f6e\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3059\u308b\u3068 <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8333em;vertical-align:-0.15em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0715em;\">Z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.0715em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6833em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0077em;\">R<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mop\">cos<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">\u0398<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq>, <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8333em;vertical-align:-0.15em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0715em;\">Z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.0715em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6833em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0077em;\">R<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mop\">sin<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">\u0398<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d72: <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6833em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0077em;\">R<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u3068 <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6833em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">\u0398<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306e\u5206\u5e03\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6833em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0077em;\">R<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306e\u5206\u5e03\u3092\u5c0e\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8333em;vertical-align:-0.15em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.109em;\">U<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.109em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306f <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord\">0<\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u4e0a\u306e\u4e00\u69d8\u5206\u5e03\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3001<eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.5782em;vertical-align:-0.0391em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0278em;\">r<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">&gt;<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6444em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066<\/p>\n<section><eqn><span class=\"katex-display\"><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:6.2618em;vertical-align:-2.8809em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mtable\"><span class=\"col-align-r\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:3.3809em;\"><span style=\"top:-5.434em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3.0369em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathbb\">P<\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0077em;\">R<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">\u2264<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0278em;\">r<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-3.9098em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3.0369em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-2.2129em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3.0369em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-0.516em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3.0369em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:2.8809em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"col-align-l\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:3.3809em;\"><span style=\"top:-5.434em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3.0369em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\"><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathbb\">P<\/span><span class=\"mopen\"><span class=\"delimsizing size1\">(<\/span><\/span><span class=\"mord sqrt\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.9839em;\"><span class=\"svg-align\" style=\"top:-3.2em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3.2em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\" style=\"padding-left:1em;\"><span class=\"mord\">\u2212<\/span><span class=\"mord\">2<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mop\">lo<span style=\"margin-right:0.0139em;\">g<\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.109em;\">U<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.109em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-2.9439em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3.2em;\"><\/span><span class=\"hide-tail\" style=\"min-width:1.02em;height:1.28em;\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"400em\" height=\"1.28em\" viewBox=\"0 0 400000 1296\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMinYMin slice\"><path d=\"M263,681c0.7,0,18,39.7,52,119\nc34,79.3,68.167,158.7,102.5,238c34.3,79.3,51.8,119.3,52.5,120\nc340,-704.7,510.7,-1060.3,512,-1067\nl0 -0\nc4.7,-7.3,11,-11,19,-11\nH40000v40H1012.3\ns-271.3,567,-271.3,567c-38.7,80.7,-84,175,-136,283c-52,108,-89.167,185.3,-111.5,232\nc-22.3,46.7,-33.8,70.3,-34.5,71c-4.7,4.7,-12.3,7,-23,7s-12,-1,-12,-1\ns-109,-253,-109,-253c-72.7,-168,-109.3,-252,-110,-252c-10.7,8,-22,16.7,-34,26\nc-22,17.3,-33.3,26,-34,26s-26,-26,-26,-26s76,-59,76,-59s76,-60,76,-60z\nM1001 80h400000v40h-400000z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.2561em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">\u2264<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0278em;\">r<\/span><span class=\"mclose\"><span class=\"delimsizing size1\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-3.9098em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3.0369em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\"><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathbb\">P<\/span><span class=\"mopen\"><span class=\"delimsizing size1\">(<\/span><\/span><span class=\"mord\">\u2212<\/span><span class=\"mord\">2<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mop\">lo<span style=\"margin-right:0.0139em;\">g<\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.109em;\">U<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.109em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">\u2264<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0278em;\">r<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.8641em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mclose\"><span class=\"delimsizing size1\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-2.2129em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3.0369em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\"><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathbb\">P<\/span><span class=\"mopen\"><span class=\"delimsizing size1\">(<\/span><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.109em;\">U<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.109em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">\u2265<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">e<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:1.0369em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">\u2212<\/span><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\" style=\"margin-right:0.0278em;\">r<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.8913em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.931em;margin-right:0.0714em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.5em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mord mtight\">\/2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mclose\"><span class=\"delimsizing size1\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-0.516em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3.0369em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\"><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2222em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mbin\">\u2212<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2222em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">e<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:1.0369em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">\u2212<\/span><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\" style=\"margin-right:0.0278em;\">r<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.8913em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.931em;margin-right:0.0714em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.5em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mord mtight\">\/2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:2.8809em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-tag\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:6.2618em;vertical-align:-2.8809em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord text\"><span class=\"mord\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\">2.4<\/span><\/span><span class=\"mord\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eqn><\/section>\n<p>3\u884c\u76ee\u3067\u306f\u3001<eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8889em;vertical-align:-0.1944em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mop\">lo<span style=\"margin-right:0.0139em;\">g<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306e\u5358\u8abf\u6027\u306b\u3088\u308a\u4e0d\u7b49\u53f7\u306e\u5411\u304d\u304c\u5909\u308f\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u4f7f\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u30024\u884c\u76ee\u306f\u4e00\u69d8\u5206\u5e03\u306e\u6027\u8cea <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathbb\">P<\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.109em;\">U<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.109em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">\u2265<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">a<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.7278em;vertical-align:-0.0833em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2222em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mbin\">\u2212<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2222em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.4306em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">a<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066 <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6833em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0077em;\">R<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306e\u5bc6\u5ea6\u95a2\u6570\u306f<\/p>\n<section><eqn><span class=\"katex-display\"><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.1076em;\">f<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3283em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.1076em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\" style=\"margin-right:0.0077em;\">R<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0278em;\">r<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1.2314em;vertical-align:-0.1944em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0278em;\">r<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">e<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:1.0369em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">\u2212<\/span><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\" style=\"margin-right:0.0278em;\">r<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.8913em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.931em;margin-right:0.0714em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.5em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mord mtight\">\/2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:1em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0278em;\">r<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">&gt;<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6444em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-tag\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1.2869em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord text\"><span class=\"mord\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\">2.5<\/span><\/span><span class=\"mord\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eqn><\/section>\n<p>\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u30ec\u30a4\u30ea\u30fc\u5206\u5e03\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p><eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6833em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">\u0398<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8333em;vertical-align:-0.15em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">2<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0359em;\">\u03c0<\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.109em;\">U<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.109em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u3067\u3059\u304b\u3089\u3001<eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6833em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">\u0398<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306f <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">[<\/span><span class=\"mord\">0<\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">2<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0359em;\">\u03c0<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u4e0a\u306e\u4e00\u69d8\u5206\u5e03\u306b\u5f93\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5bc6\u5ea6\u306f <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.1076em;\">f<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3283em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.1076em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">\u0398<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0278em;\">\u03b8<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">1\/<\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord\">2<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0359em;\">\u03c0<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u3067\u3059\u3002<eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8333em;vertical-align:-0.15em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.109em;\">U<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.109em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u3068 <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8333em;vertical-align:-0.15em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.109em;\">U<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.109em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u304c\u72ec\u7acb\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3001<eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6833em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0077em;\">R<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u3068 <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6833em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">\u0398<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u3082\u72ec\u7acb\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d73: \u6975\u5ea7\u6a19\u304b\u3089\u76f4\u4ea4\u5ea7\u6a19\u3078\u306e\u5909\u6570\u5909\u63db\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8333em;vertical-align:-0.15em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0715em;\">Z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.0715em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6833em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0077em;\">R<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mop\">cos<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">\u0398<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq>, <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8333em;vertical-align:-0.15em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0715em;\">Z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.0715em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6833em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0077em;\">R<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mop\">sin<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">\u0398<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306e\u540c\u6642\u5bc6\u5ea6\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u307e\u3059\u3002\u9006\u5909\u63db\u306f<\/p>\n<section><eqn><span class=\"katex-display\"><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6833em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0077em;\">R<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1.84em;vertical-align:-0.5413em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord sqrt\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:1.2987em;\"><span class=\"svg-align\" style=\"top:-3.8em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3.8em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\" style=\"padding-left:1em;\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0715em;\">Z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.7959em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.4337em;margin-left:-0.0715em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-3.0448em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.2663em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2222em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mbin\">+<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2222em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0715em;\">Z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.7959em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.4337em;margin-left:-0.0715em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-3.0448em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.2663em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-3.2587em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3.8em;\"><\/span><span class=\"hide-tail\" style=\"min-width:1.02em;height:1.88em;\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"400em\" height=\"1.88em\" viewBox=\"0 0 400000 1944\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMinYMin slice\"><path d=\"M983 90\nl0 -0\nc4,-6.7,10,-10,18,-10 H400000v40\nH1013.1s-83.4,268,-264.1,840c-180.7,572,-277,876.3,-289,913c-4.7,4.7,-12.7,7,-24,7\ns-12,0,-12,0c-1.3,-3.3,-3.7,-11.7,-7,-25c-35.3,-125.3,-106.7,-373.3,-214,-744\nc-10,12,-21,25,-33,39s-32,39,-32,39c-6,-5.3,-15,-14,-27,-26s25,-30,25,-30\nc26.7,-32.7,52,-63,76,-91s52,-60,52,-60s208,722,208,722\nc56,-175.3,126.3,-397.3,211,-666c84.7,-268.7,153.8,-488.2,207.5,-658.5\nc53.7,-170.3,84.5,-266.8,92.5,-289.5z\nM1001 80h400000v40h-400000z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.5413em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:1em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">\u0398<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:2.1963em;vertical-align:-0.836em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mop\">arctan<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:-0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mopen nulldelimiter\"><\/span><span class=\"mfrac\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:1.3603em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.314em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0715em;\">Z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.0715em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-3.23em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"frac-line\" style=\"border-bottom-width:0.04em;\"><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-3.677em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0715em;\">Z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.0715em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.836em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mclose nulldelimiter\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eqn><\/section>\n<p>\u30e4\u30b3\u30d3\u30a2\u30f3\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0715em;\">Z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.0715em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0715em;\">Z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.0715em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">\u2192<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0077em;\">R<\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">\u0398<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306e\u5909\u63db\u306e\u30e4\u30b3\u30d3\u884c\u5217\u306f<\/p>\n<section><eqn><span class=\"katex-display\"><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:2.363em;vertical-align:-0.936em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mopen nulldelimiter\"><\/span><span class=\"mfrac\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:1.427em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.314em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\" style=\"margin-right:0.0556em;\">\u2202<\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0077em;\">R<\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">\u0398<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-3.23em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"frac-line\" style=\"border-bottom-width:0.04em;\"><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-3.677em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\" style=\"margin-right:0.0556em;\">\u2202<\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0715em;\">Z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.0715em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0715em;\">Z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.0715em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.936em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mclose nulldelimiter\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:2.4em;vertical-align:-0.95em;\"><\/span><span class=\"minner\"><span class=\"mopen delimcenter\" style=\"top:0em;\"><span class=\"delimsizing size3\">(<\/span><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mtable\"><span class=\"col-align-c\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:1.45em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.61em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mop\">cos<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">\u0398<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-2.41em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mop\">sin<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">\u0398<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.95em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"arraycolsep\" style=\"width:0.5em;\"><\/span><span class=\"arraycolsep\" style=\"width:0.5em;\"><\/span><span class=\"col-align-c\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:1.45em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.61em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\">\u2212<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0077em;\">R<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mop\">sin<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">\u0398<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-2.41em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0077em;\">R<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mop\">cos<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">\u0398<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.95em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mclose delimcenter\" style=\"top:0em;\"><span class=\"delimsizing size3\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eqn><\/section>\n<p>\u884c\u5217\u5f0f\u306f<\/p>\n<section><eqn><span class=\"katex-display\"><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:2.4em;vertical-align:-0.95em;\"><\/span><span class=\"minner\"><span class=\"mopen\"><span class=\"delimsizing mult\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:1.45em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.45em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:4.4em;\"><\/span><span style=\"width:0.333em;height:2.4em;\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"0.333em\" height=\"2.4em\" viewBox=\"0 0 333 2400\"><path d=\"M145 15 v585 v1200 v585 c2.667,10,9.667,15,21,15\nc10,0,16.667,-5,20,-15 v-585 v-1200 v-585 c-2.667,-10,-9.667,-15,-21,-15\nc-10,0,-16.667,5,-20,15z M188 15 H145 v585 v1200 v585 h43z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.95em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mopen nulldelimiter\"><\/span><span class=\"mfrac\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:1.427em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.314em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\" style=\"margin-right:0.0556em;\">\u2202<\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0077em;\">R<\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">\u0398<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-3.23em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"frac-line\" style=\"border-bottom-width:0.04em;\"><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-3.677em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\" style=\"margin-right:0.0556em;\">\u2202<\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0715em;\">Z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.0715em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0715em;\">Z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.0715em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.936em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mclose nulldelimiter\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mclose\"><span class=\"delimsizing mult\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:1.45em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.45em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:4.4em;\"><\/span><span style=\"width:0.333em;height:2.4em;\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"0.333em\" height=\"2.4em\" viewBox=\"0 0 333 2400\"><path d=\"M145 15 v585 v1200 v585 c2.667,10,9.667,15,21,15\nc10,0,16.667,-5,20,-15 v-585 v-1200 v-585 c-2.667,-10,-9.667,-15,-21,-15\nc-10,0,-16.667,5,-20,15z M188 15 H145 v585 v1200 v585 h43z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.95em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.9474em;vertical-align:-0.0833em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0077em;\">R<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mop\"><span class=\"mop\">cos<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.8641em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">\u0398<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2222em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mbin\">+<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2222em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8719em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0077em;\">R<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mop\"><span class=\"mop\">sin<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.8719em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.1208em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">\u0398<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6833em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0077em;\">R<\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-tag\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:2.4em;vertical-align:-0.95em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord text\"><span class=\"mord\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\">2.6<\/span><\/span><span class=\"mord\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eqn><\/section>\n<p>\u4e09\u89d2\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u6052\u7b49\u5f0f <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8974em;vertical-align:-0.0833em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mop\"><span class=\"mop\">cos<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.8141em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.063em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">\u0398<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2222em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mbin\">+<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2222em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8719em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mop\"><span class=\"mop\">sin<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.8719em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.1208em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">\u0398<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6444em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u3092\u4f7f\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u30b9\u30c6\u30c3\u30d74: \u540c\u6642\u5bc6\u5ea6\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0077em;\">R<\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">\u0398<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306e\u540c\u6642\u5bc6\u5ea6\u306b\u5909\u6570\u5909\u63db\u306e\u516c\u5f0f\u3092\u9069\u7528\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<section><eqn><span class=\"katex-display\"><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:7.3204em;vertical-align:-3.4102em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mtable\"><span class=\"col-align-r\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:3.9102em;\"><span style=\"top:-6.1471em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3.6639em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.1076em;\">f<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3283em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.1076em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\" style=\"margin-right:0.0715em;\">Z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3173em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.357em;margin-left:-0.0715em;margin-right:0.0714em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.5em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.143em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mpunct mtight\">,<\/span><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\" style=\"margin-right:0.0715em;\">Z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3173em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.357em;margin-left:-0.0715em;margin-right:0.0714em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.5em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.143em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.2861em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.044em;\">z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.044em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.044em;\">z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.044em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-3.2472em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3.6639em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-0.9397em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3.6639em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:3.4102em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"col-align-l\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:3.9102em;\"><span style=\"top:-6.1471em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3.6639em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\"><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mopen nulldelimiter\"><\/span><span class=\"mfrac\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:1.427em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.314em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\">\u2223<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0962em;\">J<\/span><span class=\"mord\">\u2223<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-3.23em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"frac-line\" style=\"border-bottom-width:0.04em;\"><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-3.677em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.1076em;\">f<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3283em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.1076em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\" style=\"margin-right:0.0077em;\">R<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0278em;\">r<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.1076em;\">f<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3283em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.1076em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">\u0398<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0278em;\">\u03b8<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.936em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mclose nulldelimiter\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-3.2472em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3.6639em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\"><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mopen nulldelimiter\"><\/span><span class=\"mfrac\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:1.6639em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.314em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\">2<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0359em;\">\u03c0<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-3.23em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"frac-line\" style=\"border-bottom-width:0.04em;\"><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-3.677em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0278em;\">r<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">e<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.9869em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.063em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">\u2212<\/span><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\" style=\"margin-right:0.0278em;\">r<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.8913em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.931em;margin-right:0.0714em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.5em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mord mtight\">\/2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.686em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mclose nulldelimiter\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2222em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mbin\">\u22c5<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2222em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mopen nulldelimiter\"><\/span><span class=\"mfrac\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:1.3214em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.314em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0278em;\">r<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-3.23em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"frac-line\" style=\"border-bottom-width:0.04em;\"><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-3.677em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.686em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mclose nulldelimiter\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-0.9397em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3.6639em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\"><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mopen nulldelimiter\"><\/span><span class=\"mfrac\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:1.3214em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.314em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\">2<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0359em;\">\u03c0<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-3.23em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"frac-line\" style=\"border-bottom-width:0.04em;\"><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-3.677em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.686em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mclose nulldelimiter\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">e<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:1.0369em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">\u2212<\/span><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\" style=\"margin-right:0.0278em;\">r<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.8913em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.931em;margin-right:0.0714em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.5em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mord mtight\">\/2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:3.4102em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eqn><\/section>\n<p>\u3053\u3053\u3067 <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8141em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0278em;\">r<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.8141em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.063em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1.0622em;vertical-align:-0.2481em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.044em;\">z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.8141em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.4519em;margin-left:-0.044em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-3.063em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.2481em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2222em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mbin\">+<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2222em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1.0622em;vertical-align:-0.2481em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.044em;\">z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.8141em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.4519em;margin-left:-0.044em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-3.063em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.2481em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u3092\u4ee3\u5165\u3057\u3066<\/p>\n<section><eqn><span class=\"katex-display\"><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1.0361em;vertical-align:-0.2861em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.1076em;\">f<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3283em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.1076em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\" style=\"margin-right:0.0715em;\">Z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3173em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.357em;margin-left:-0.0715em;margin-right:0.0714em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.5em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.143em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mpunct mtight\">,<\/span><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\" style=\"margin-right:0.0715em;\">Z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3173em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.357em;margin-left:-0.0715em;margin-right:0.0714em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.5em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.143em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.2861em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.044em;\">z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.044em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.044em;\">z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.044em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:2.0074em;vertical-align:-0.686em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mopen nulldelimiter\"><\/span><span class=\"mfrac\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:1.3214em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.314em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\">2<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0359em;\">\u03c0<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-3.23em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"frac-line\" style=\"border-bottom-width:0.04em;\"><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-3.677em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.686em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mclose nulldelimiter\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">e<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:1.0369em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">\u2212<\/span><span class=\"mopen mtight\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\" style=\"margin-right:0.044em;\">z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.8913em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.214em;margin-left:-0.044em;margin-right:0.0714em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.5em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-2.931em;margin-right:0.0714em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.5em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.286em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mbin mtight\">+<\/span><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\" style=\"margin-right:0.044em;\">z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.8913em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.214em;margin-left:-0.044em;margin-right:0.0714em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.5em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-2.931em;margin-right:0.0714em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.5em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.286em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mclose mtight\">)<\/span><span class=\"mord mtight\">\/2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-tag\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:2.0074em;vertical-align:-0.686em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord text\"><span class=\"mord\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\">2.7<\/span><\/span><span class=\"mord\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eqn><\/section>\n<p>\u3092\u5f97\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f<\/p>\n<section><eqn><span class=\"katex-display\"><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1.0361em;vertical-align:-0.2861em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.1076em;\">f<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3283em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.1076em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\" style=\"margin-right:0.0715em;\">Z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3173em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.357em;margin-left:-0.0715em;margin-right:0.0714em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.5em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.143em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mpunct mtight\">,<\/span><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\" style=\"margin-right:0.0715em;\">Z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3173em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.357em;margin-left:-0.0715em;margin-right:0.0714em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.5em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.143em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.2861em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.044em;\">z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.044em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.044em;\">z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.044em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:2.2514em;vertical-align:-0.93em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mopen nulldelimiter\"><\/span><span class=\"mfrac\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:1.3214em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.2028em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord sqrt\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.9072em;\"><span class=\"svg-align\" style=\"top:-3em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\" style=\"padding-left:0.833em;\"><span class=\"mord\">2<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0359em;\">\u03c0<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-2.8672em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"hide-tail\" style=\"min-width:0.853em;height:1.08em;\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"400em\" height=\"1.08em\" viewBox=\"0 0 400000 1080\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMinYMin slice\"><path d=\"M95,702\nc-2.7,0,-7.17,-2.7,-13.5,-8c-5.8,-5.3,-9.5,-10,-9.5,-14\nc0,-2,0.3,-3.3,1,-4c1.3,-2.7,23.83,-20.7,67.5,-54\nc44.2,-33.3,65.8,-50.3,66.5,-51c1.3,-1.3,3,-2,5,-2c4.7,0,8.7,3.3,12,10\ns173,378,173,378c0.7,0,35.3,-71,104,-213c68.7,-142,137.5,-285,206.5,-429\nc69,-144,104.5,-217.7,106.5,-221\nl0 -0\nc5.3,-9.3,12,-14,20,-14\nH400000v40H845.2724\ns-225.272,467,-225.272,467s-235,486,-235,486c-2.7,4.7,-9,7,-19,7\nc-6,0,-10,-1,-12,-3s-194,-422,-194,-422s-65,47,-65,47z\nM834 80h400000v40h-400000z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.1328em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-3.23em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"frac-line\" style=\"border-bottom-width:0.04em;\"><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-3.677em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.93em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mclose nulldelimiter\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">e<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:1.0369em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">\u2212<\/span><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\" style=\"margin-right:0.044em;\">z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.8913em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.214em;margin-left:-0.044em;margin-right:0.0714em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.5em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-2.931em;margin-right:0.0714em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.5em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.286em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mord mtight\">\/2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2222em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mbin\">\u22c5<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2222em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:2.2514em;vertical-align:-0.93em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mopen nulldelimiter\"><\/span><span class=\"mfrac\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:1.3214em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.2028em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord sqrt\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.9072em;\"><span class=\"svg-align\" style=\"top:-3em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\" style=\"padding-left:0.833em;\"><span class=\"mord\">2<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0359em;\">\u03c0<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-2.8672em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"hide-tail\" style=\"min-width:0.853em;height:1.08em;\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"400em\" height=\"1.08em\" viewBox=\"0 0 400000 1080\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMinYMin slice\"><path d=\"M95,702\nc-2.7,0,-7.17,-2.7,-13.5,-8c-5.8,-5.3,-9.5,-10,-9.5,-14\nc0,-2,0.3,-3.3,1,-4c1.3,-2.7,23.83,-20.7,67.5,-54\nc44.2,-33.3,65.8,-50.3,66.5,-51c1.3,-1.3,3,-2,5,-2c4.7,0,8.7,3.3,12,10\ns173,378,173,378c0.7,0,35.3,-71,104,-213c68.7,-142,137.5,-285,206.5,-429\nc69,-144,104.5,-217.7,106.5,-221\nl0 -0\nc5.3,-9.3,12,-14,20,-14\nH400000v40H845.2724\ns-225.272,467,-225.272,467s-235,486,-235,486c-2.7,4.7,-9,7,-19,7\nc-6,0,-10,-1,-12,-3s-194,-422,-194,-422s-65,47,-65,47z\nM834 80h400000v40h-400000z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.1328em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-3.23em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"frac-line\" style=\"border-bottom-width:0.04em;\"><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-3.677em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.93em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mclose nulldelimiter\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">e<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:1.0369em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">\u2212<\/span><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\" style=\"margin-right:0.044em;\">z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.8913em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.214em;margin-left:-0.044em;margin-right:0.0714em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.5em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-2.931em;margin-right:0.0714em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.5em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.286em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mord mtight\">\/2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eqn><\/section>\n<p>\u3068\u56e0\u6570\u5206\u89e3\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u53f3\u8fba\u306f\u6a19\u6e96\u6b63\u898f\u5bc6\u5ea6 <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">\u03c6<\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.044em;\">z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.044em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u3068 <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">\u03c6<\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.044em;\">z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.044em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306e\u7a4d\u3067\u3059\u3002\u540c\u6642\u5bc6\u5ea6\u304c\u5468\u8fba\u5bc6\u5ea6\u306e\u7a4d\u306b\u7b49\u3057\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3001<eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8333em;vertical-align:-0.15em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0715em;\">Z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.0715em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u3068 <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8333em;vertical-align:-0.15em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0715em;\">Z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.0715em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306f\u72ec\u7acb\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u304c\u6a19\u6e96\u6b63\u898f\u5206\u5e03 <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.109em;\">N<\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord\">0<\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306b\u5f93\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u220e<\/p>\n<h3>THM-M32-3 \u306e\u8a3c\u660e\uff08\u8981\u70b9\uff09<\/h3>\n<p>\u7dda\u5f62\u5408\u540c\u6cd5 (1.1) \u306e\u72b6\u614b\u7a7a\u9593\u306f <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">{<\/span><span class=\"mord\">0<\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"minner\">\u2026<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">m<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2222em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mbin\">\u2212<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2222em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">}<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306e <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.4306em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">m<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u500b\u306e\u5024\u3057\u304b\u3068\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u6f38\u5316\u5f0f\u306f\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3001\u540c\u3058\u72b6\u614b\u306b\u623b\u3063\u305f\u6642\u70b9\u3067\u5217\u306f\u5468\u671f\u7684\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u5468\u671f\u306f <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.4306em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">m<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u4ee5\u4e0b\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Marsaglia\uff081968\uff09\u306f\u3001\u7dda\u5f62\u5408\u540c\u6cd5\u306e\u9023\u7d9a <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6944em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">d<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u500b\u306e\u51fa\u529b\u3092 <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6944em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">d<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u6b21\u5143\u7a7a\u9593\u306b\u30d7\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u5168\u3066\u306e\u70b9\u304c\u9ad8\u3005 <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">d<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">!<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2222em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mbin\">\u22c5<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2222em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1.138em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">m<\/span><span class=\"mclose\"><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.888em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.063em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1\/<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">d<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u679a\u306e\u8d85\u5e73\u9762\u4e0a\u306b\u4e57\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.4306em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">m<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u304c\u5c0f\u3055\u3044\u3068\u5e73\u9762\u306e\u679a\u6570\u304c\u6975\u3081\u3066\u5c11\u306a\u304f\u306a\u308a\u3001\u4e71\u6570\u306e\u300c\u5747\u4e00\u3055\u300d\u304c <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6944em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">d<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u6b21\u5143\u3067\u306f\u5927\u304d\u304f\u640d\u306a\u308f\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u220e<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. \u53cd\u4f8b \u2015 \u8cea\u306e\u60aa\u3044\u4e71\u6570\u306f\u5e73\u9762\u306b\u4e26\u3076<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">CEX-M32-1: \u6b63\u898f\u5206\u5e03\u306b\u306f\u9006\u95a2\u6570\u6cd5\u304c\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u3048\u306a\u3044<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9006\u95a2\u6570\u6cd5\u306f\u5f37\u529b\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u5206\u5e03\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u9006\u95a2\u6570\u304c\u9589\u3058\u305f\u5f62\u3067\u66f8\u3051\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306b\u3057\u304b\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u3048\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u6307\u6570\u5206\u5e03\u306e\u5834\u5408\u306f <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.1389em;\">F<\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">x<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.7278em;vertical-align:-0.0833em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2222em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mbin\">\u2212<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2222em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8491em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">e<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.8491em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.063em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">\u2212<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">\u03bb<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">x<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306a\u306e\u3067 <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1.0641em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.1389em;\">F<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.8141em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.063em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">\u2212<\/span><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">u<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">\u2212<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mop\">lo<span style=\"margin-right:0.0139em;\">g<\/span><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2222em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mbin\">\u2212<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2222em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">u<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><span class=\"mord\">\/<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">\u03bb<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u3068\u660e\u793a\u7684\u306b\u66f8\u3051\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u6a19\u6e96\u6b63\u898f\u5206\u5e03\u306e\u5206\u5e03\u95a2\u6570<\/p>\n\n\n\n<section><eqn><span class=\"katex-display\"><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.109em;\">N<\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">x<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:2.3846em;vertical-align:-0.9703em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mopen nulldelimiter\"><\/span><span class=\"mfrac\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:1.3214em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.2028em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord sqrt\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.9072em;\"><span class=\"svg-align\" style=\"top:-3em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\" style=\"padding-left:0.833em;\"><span class=\"mord\">2<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0359em;\">\u03c0<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-2.8672em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"hide-tail\" style=\"min-width:0.853em;height:1.08em;\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"400em\" height=\"1.08em\" viewBox=\"0 0 400000 1080\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMinYMin slice\"><path d=\"M95,702\nc-2.7,0,-7.17,-2.7,-13.5,-8c-5.8,-5.3,-9.5,-10,-9.5,-14\nc0,-2,0.3,-3.3,1,-4c1.3,-2.7,23.83,-20.7,67.5,-54\nc44.2,-33.3,65.8,-50.3,66.5,-51c1.3,-1.3,3,-2,5,-2c4.7,0,8.7,3.3,12,10\ns173,378,173,378c0.7,0,35.3,-71,104,-213c68.7,-142,137.5,-285,206.5,-429\nc69,-144,104.5,-217.7,106.5,-221\nl0 -0\nc5.3,-9.3,12,-14,20,-14\nH400000v40H845.2724\ns-225.272,467,-225.272,467s-235,486,-235,486c-2.7,4.7,-9,7,-19,7\nc-6,0,-10,-1,-12,-3s-194,-422,-194,-422s-65,47,-65,47z\nM834 80h400000v40h-400000z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.1328em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-3.23em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"frac-line\" style=\"border-bottom-width:0.04em;\"><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-3.677em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.93em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mclose nulldelimiter\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mop\"><span class=\"mop op-symbol large-op\" style=\"margin-right:0.4445em;position:relative;top:-0.0011em;\">\u222b<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:1.4143em;\"><span style=\"top:-1.7881em;margin-left:-0.4445em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">\u2212<\/span><span class=\"mord mtight\">\u221e<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-3.8129em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">x<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.9703em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">e<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:1.0369em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">\u2212<\/span><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">t<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.8913em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.931em;margin-right:0.0714em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.5em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size3 size1 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mord mtight\">\/2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">d<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">t<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eqn><\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>\u306f\u521d\u7b49\u95a2\u6570\u3067\u8868\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066 <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1.0641em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.109em;\">N<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.8141em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.063em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">\u2212<\/span><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">u<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u3082\u9589\u3058\u305f\u5f62\u3067\u306f\u66f8\u3051\u305a\u3001\u9006\u95a2\u6570\u6cd5\u3092\u76f4\u63a5\u9069\u7528\u3057\u3066\u6b63\u898f\u4e71\u6570\u3092\u4f5c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3067\u304d\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u3053\u308c\u304c Box-Muller \u6cd5\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u5225\u306e\u624b\u6cd5\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u306b\u306a\u308b\u7406\u7531\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">CEX-M32-2: \u5468\u671f\u306e\u77ed\u3044\u7dda\u5f62\u5408\u540c\u6cd5\u306f3\u6b21\u5143\u3067\u7834\u7dbb\u3059\u308b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.4306em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">a<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6444em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">21<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq>, <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.4306em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">c<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6444em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq>, <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.4306em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">m<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6444em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">256<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306e\u7dda\u5f62\u5408\u540c\u6cd5\u3092\u4f7f\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5468\u671f\u306f\u6700\u5927\u3067\u3082 <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6444em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">256<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u3067\u3059\u3002\u9023\u7d9a\u3059\u308b3\u3064\u306e\u51fa\u529b <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">x<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.1514em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">x<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">n<\/span><span class=\"mbin mtight\">+<\/span><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.2083em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">x<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">n<\/span><span class=\"mbin mtight\">+<\/span><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.2083em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u30923\u6b21\u5143\u7a7a\u9593\u306b\u30d7\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001254 \u500b\u306e\u70b9\u306f\u5c11\u6570\u306e\u5e73\u9762\u4e0a\u306b\u898f\u5247\u7684\u306b\u4e26\u3073\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5148\u982d\u306e5\u7d44\u3092\u898b\u308b\u3068<\/p>\n\n\n\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.4306em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq><\/th>\n<th><eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.5806em;vertical-align:-0.15em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">x<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.1514em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq><\/th>\n<th><eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6389em;vertical-align:-0.2083em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">x<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">n<\/span><span class=\"mbin mtight\">+<\/span><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.2083em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq><\/th>\n<th><eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6389em;vertical-align:-0.2083em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">x<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">n<\/span><span class=\"mbin mtight\">+<\/span><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.2083em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>22<\/td>\n<td>207<\/td>\n<td>252<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>207<\/td>\n<td>252<\/td>\n<td>173<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>252<\/td>\n<td>173<\/td>\n<td>50<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>173<\/td>\n<td>50<\/td>\n<td>27<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>50<\/td>\n<td>27<\/td>\n<td>56<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u70b9\u306f <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1.0641em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">[<\/span><span class=\"mord\">0<\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">255<\/span><span class=\"mclose\"><span class=\"mclose\">]<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.8141em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.063em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">3<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306e\u7acb\u65b9\u4f53\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u4e00\u69d8\u306b\u6563\u3089\u3070\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u5e73\u9762\u4e0a\u306b\u96c6\u4e2d\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002Marsaglia \u306e\u5b9a\u7406\u304b\u3089\u30013\u6b21\u5143\u3067\u306f\u9ad8\u3005 <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord\">3<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">!<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2222em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mbin\">\u00d7<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2222em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1.138em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">256<\/span><span class=\"mclose\"><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.888em;\"><span style=\"top:-3.063em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1\/3<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">\u2248<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6444em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">11.54<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u679a\u3001\u3059\u306a\u308f\u306111\u679a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u5e73\u884c\u306a\u5e73\u9762\u306b\u3057\u304b\u4e57\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u5b9f\u969b\u3001<eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.7333em;vertical-align:-0.15em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">x<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.1514em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2222em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mbin\">+<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2222em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8528em;vertical-align:-0.2083em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">2<\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">x<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">n<\/span><span class=\"mbin mtight\">+<\/span><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.2083em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2222em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mbin\">\u2212<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2222em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8528em;vertical-align:-0.2083em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">3<\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">x<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">n<\/span><span class=\"mbin mtight\">+<\/span><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.2083em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306e\u5024\u306f 6 \u7a2e\u985e\u3057\u304b\u306a\u304f\u3001254 \u500b\u306e\u70b9\u306f\u3059\u3079\u3066 6 \u679a\u306e\u5e73\u884c\u306a\u5e73\u9762\u306b\u4e57\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u4e71\u6570\u3067\u91d1\u878d\u306e\u30b7\u30df\u30e5\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u884c\u3046\u3068\u3001\u7d50\u679c\u304c\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u306b\u504f\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8cea\u306e\u60aa\u3044\u4e71\u6570\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u3082\u7d50\u679c\u306f\u5909\u308f\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3001\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7406\u89e3\u306f\u8aa4\u308a\u3067\u3059\u3002\u9ad8\u6b21\u5143\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u304c\u8a08\u7b97\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u6b6a\u3081\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">CEX-M32-3: \u4e00\u69d8\u4e71\u6570\u306b 0 \u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b\u3068\u8a08\u7b97\u304c\u58ca\u308c\u308b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Box-Muller \u6cd5\u3067\u306f <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1.04em;vertical-align:-0.205em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord sqrt\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.835em;\"><span class=\"svg-align\" style=\"top:-3em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\" style=\"padding-left:0.833em;\"><span class=\"mord\">\u2212<\/span><span class=\"mord\">2<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mop\">lo<span style=\"margin-right:0.0139em;\">g<\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.109em;\">U<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.109em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-2.795em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"hide-tail\" style=\"min-width:0.853em;height:1.08em;\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"400em\" height=\"1.08em\" viewBox=\"0 0 400000 1080\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMinYMin slice\"><path d=\"M95,702\nc-2.7,0,-7.17,-2.7,-13.5,-8c-5.8,-5.3,-9.5,-10,-9.5,-14\nc0,-2,0.3,-3.3,1,-4c1.3,-2.7,23.83,-20.7,67.5,-54\nc44.2,-33.3,65.8,-50.3,66.5,-51c1.3,-1.3,3,-2,5,-2c4.7,0,8.7,3.3,12,10\ns173,378,173,378c0.7,0,35.3,-71,104,-213c68.7,-142,137.5,-285,206.5,-429\nc69,-144,104.5,-217.7,106.5,-221\nl0 -0\nc5.3,-9.3,12,-14,20,-14\nH400000v40H845.2724\ns-225.272,467,-225.272,467s-235,486,-235,486c-2.7,4.7,-9,7,-19,7\nc-6,0,-10,-1,-12,-3s-194,-422,-194,-422s-65,47,-65,47z\nM834 80h400000v40h-400000z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.205em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3082\u3057 <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8333em;vertical-align:-0.15em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.109em;\">U<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.109em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6444em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u304c\u751f\u6210\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3068<\/p>\n\n\n\n<section><eqn><span class=\"katex-display\"><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8889em;vertical-align:-0.1944em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mop\">lo<span style=\"margin-right:0.0139em;\">g<\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">0<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6667em;vertical-align:-0.0833em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">\u2212<\/span><span class=\"mord\">\u221e<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eqn><\/section>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3068\u306a\u308a\u3001<eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1.24em;vertical-align:-0.305em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord sqrt\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.935em;\"><span class=\"svg-align\" style=\"top:-3.2em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3.2em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\" style=\"padding-left:1em;\"><span class=\"mord\">\u2212<\/span><span class=\"mord\">2<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2222em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mbin\">\u00d7<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2222em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord\">\u2212<\/span><span class=\"mord\">\u221e<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-2.895em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3.2em;\"><\/span><span class=\"hide-tail\" style=\"min-width:1.02em;height:1.28em;\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"400em\" height=\"1.28em\" viewBox=\"0 0 400000 1296\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMinYMin slice\"><path d=\"M263,681c0.7,0,18,39.7,52,119\nc34,79.3,68.167,158.7,102.5,238c34.3,79.3,51.8,119.3,52.5,120\nc340,-704.7,510.7,-1060.3,512,-1067\nl0 -0\nc4.7,-7.3,11,-11,19,-11\nH40000v40H1012.3\ns-271.3,567,-271.3,567c-38.7,80.7,-84,175,-136,283c-52,108,-89.167,185.3,-111.5,232\nc-22.3,46.7,-33.8,70.3,-34.5,71c-4.7,4.7,-12.3,7,-23,7s-12,-1,-12,-1\ns-109,-253,-109,-253c-72.7,-168,-109.3,-252,-110,-252c-10.7,8,-22,16.7,-34,26\nc-22,17.3,-33.3,26,-34,26s-26,-26,-26,-26s76,-59,76,-59s76,-60,76,-60z\nM1001 80h400000v40h-400000z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.305em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1.04em;vertical-align:-0.205em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord sqrt\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.835em;\"><span class=\"svg-align\" style=\"top:-3em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\" style=\"padding-left:0.833em;\"><span class=\"mord\">+<\/span><span class=\"mord\">\u221e<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"top:-2.795em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:3em;\"><\/span><span class=\"hide-tail\" style=\"min-width:0.853em;height:1.08em;\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"400em\" height=\"1.08em\" viewBox=\"0 0 400000 1080\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMinYMin slice\"><path d=\"M95,702\nc-2.7,0,-7.17,-2.7,-13.5,-8c-5.8,-5.3,-9.5,-10,-9.5,-14\nc0,-2,0.3,-3.3,1,-4c1.3,-2.7,23.83,-20.7,67.5,-54\nc44.2,-33.3,65.8,-50.3,66.5,-51c1.3,-1.3,3,-2,5,-2c4.7,0,8.7,3.3,12,10\ns173,378,173,378c0.7,0,35.3,-71,104,-213c68.7,-142,137.5,-285,206.5,-429\nc69,-144,104.5,-217.7,106.5,-221\nl0 -0\nc5.3,-9.3,12,-14,20,-14\nH400000v40H845.2724\ns-225.272,467,-225.272,467s-235,486,-235,486c-2.7,4.7,-9,7,-19,7\nc-6,0,-10,-1,-12,-3s-194,-422,-194,-422s-65,47,-65,47z\nM834 80h400000v40h-400000z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.205em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u3067\u8a08\u7b97\u304c\u7834\u7dbb\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066 <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8333em;vertical-align:-0.15em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.109em;\">U<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.109em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306e\u751f\u6210\u7bc4\u56f2\u306f\u9589\u533a\u9593 <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">[<\/span><span class=\"mord\">0<\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u958b\u533a\u9593 <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord\">0<\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u3067\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b9f\u88c5\u3067\u306f <code>np.clip(U1, 1e-300, 1.0)<\/code> \u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u4e0b\u9650\u3092\u8a2d\u3051\u308b\u304b\u3001<eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8333em;vertical-align:-0.15em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.109em;\">U<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.109em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6444em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u3092\u68c4\u5374\u3057\u3066\u518d\u751f\u6210\u3059\u308b\u306e\u304c\u6a19\u6e96\u7684\u306a\u5bfe\u51e6\u3067\u3059\u3002<eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8333em;vertical-align:-0.15em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.109em;\">U<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.109em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6444em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u304c\u51fa\u3066\u3082\u554f\u984c\u306a\u3044\u3001\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7406\u89e3\u306f\u8aa4\u308a\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. \u6570\u5024\u4f8b \u2015 \u6b63\u898f\u4e71\u6570\u3092\u4f5c\u3063\u3066\u691c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>compute.py<\/code> \u3067\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u4e71\u6570\u3092\u751f\u6210\u3057\u3001\u7406\u8ad6\u5024\u3068\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u9006\u95a2\u6570\u6cd5\u306b\u3088\u308b\u6307\u6570\u5206\u5e03<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6944em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">\u03bb<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6444em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306e\u6307\u6570\u5206\u5e03\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066 <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6833em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0785em;\">X<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mrel\">=<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2778em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">\u2212<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mop\">lo<span style=\"margin-right:0.0139em;\">g<\/span><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2222em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mbin\">\u2212<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.2222em;\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.109em;\">U<\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u3067 100,000 \u500b\u306e\u4e71\u6570\u3092\u751f\u6210\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u7d71\u8a08\u91cf<\/th>\n<th>\u6a19\u672c\u5024<\/th>\n<th>\u7406\u8ad6\u5024<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5e73\u5747<\/td>\n<td><eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6444em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">0.996<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq><\/td>\n<td><eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6444em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">1.0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5206\u6563<\/td>\n<td><eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6444em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">0.986<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq><\/td>\n<td><eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6444em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">1.0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6a19\u672c\u5024\u306f\u7406\u8ad6\u5024\u306b\u5341\u5206\u8fd1\u304f\u3001\u9006\u95a2\u6570\u6cd5\u304c\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u6a5f\u80fd\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u78ba\u8a8d\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Box-Muller \u6cd5\u306b\u3088\u308b\u6a19\u6e96\u6b63\u898f\u4e71\u6570<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u72ec\u7acb\u306a\u4e00\u69d8\u4e71\u6570\u306e\u7d44 <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mopen\">(<\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.109em;\">U<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.109em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mpunct\">,<\/span><span class=\"mspace\" style=\"margin-right:0.1667em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.109em;\">U<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.109em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"mclose\">)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u3092 100,000 \u7d44\u751f\u6210\u3057\u3001Box-Muller \u6cd5\u3067 <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8333em;vertical-align:-0.15em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0715em;\">Z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.0715em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq>, <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8333em;vertical-align:-0.15em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0715em;\">Z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.0715em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u3092\u4f5c\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u7d71\u8a08\u91cf<\/th>\n<th><eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8333em;vertical-align:-0.15em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0715em;\">Z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.0715em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306e\u6a19\u672c\u5024<\/th>\n<th><eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8333em;vertical-align:-0.15em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0715em;\">Z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.0715em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306e\u6a19\u672c\u5024<\/th>\n<th>\u7406\u8ad6\u5024<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5e73\u5747<\/td>\n<td><eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6444em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">0.0007<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq><\/td>\n<td><eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.7278em;vertical-align:-0.0833em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">\u2212<\/span><span class=\"mord\">0.0019<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq><\/td>\n<td><eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6444em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5206\u6563<\/td>\n<td><eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6444em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">0.9931<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq><\/td>\n<td><eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6444em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">0.9975<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq><\/td>\n<td><eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6444em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6b6a\u5ea6<\/td>\n<td><eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6444em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">0.0066<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq><\/td>\n<td>\u2015<\/td>\n<td><eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6444em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5c16\u5ea6<\/td>\n<td><eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6444em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">2.9893<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq><\/td>\n<td>\u2015<\/td>\n<td><eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6444em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">3<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n<p><eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8333em;vertical-align:-0.15em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0715em;\">Z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.0715em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u3068 <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8333em;vertical-align:-0.15em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0715em;\">Z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.0715em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306e\u6a19\u672c\u76f8\u95a2\u4fc2\u6570\u306f <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6444em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">0.0045<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u7406\u8ad6\u5024 <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.6444em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\">0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306b\u8fd1\u3044\u5024\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u5b9a\u7406 THM-M32-2 \u306e\u300c<eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8333em;vertical-align:-0.15em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0715em;\">Z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.0715em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u3068 <eq><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"katex-base\"><span class=\"katex-strut\" style=\"height:0.8333em;vertical-align:-0.15em;\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right:0.0715em;\">Z<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.3011em;\"><span style=\"top:-2.55em;margin-left:-0.0715em;margin-right:0.05em;\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height:2.7em;\"><\/span><span class=\"katex-sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height:0.15em;\"><span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/eq> \u306f\u72ec\u7acb\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7d50\u8ad6\u3068\u6574\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u7d71\u8a08\u91cf\u304c\u7406\u8ad6\u5024\u306e\u8fd1\u508d\u306b\u3042\u308a\u3001Box-Muller \u6cd5\u304c\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u6a19\u6e96\u6b63\u898f\u4e71\u6570\u3092\u751f\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u78ba\u8a8d\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7. \u6b21\u56de\u3078 \u2015 \u672c\u7de8\u306b\u623b\u3063\u3066\u8aad\u3080<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6570\u5b66\u7de8\u306f\u3053\u306e\u7b2c32\u56de\u3067\u4e00\u5de1\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u3053\u307e\u3067\u306b\u6271\u3063\u305f\u9053\u5177\u2015\u2015\u6e2c\u5ea6\u3001\u7a4d\u5206\u3001\u78ba\u7387\u5909\u6570\u3001\u78ba\u7387\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u4eca\u56de\u306e\u4e71\u6570\u751f\u6210\u2015\u2015\u306f\u3001\u672c\u7de8\u306e\u5404\u56de\u3067\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u53c2\u7167\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u672c\u7de8\u306e\u8b70\u8ad6\u3067\u6570\u5b66\u7684\u306a\u57fa\u790e\u306b\u7acb\u3061\u8fd4\u308a\u305f\u304f\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3068\u304d\u3001\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u6570\u5b66\u7de8\u306b\u623b\u3063\u3066\u8aad\u3081\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8a2d\u8a08\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u672c\u7de8\u7b2c96\u56de\u3067\u306f\u3001\u4eca\u56de\u306e\u4e71\u6570\u751f\u6210\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u91d1\u878d\u5546\u54c1\u306e\u4fa1\u683c\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3059\u308b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3092\u6271\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u3088\u304f\u3042\u308b\u8cea\u554f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u4e71\u6570\u306f\u672c\u5f53\u306b\u30e9\u30f3\u30c0\u30e0\u3067\u3059\u304b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u30e9\u30f3\u30c0\u30e0\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u6c7a\u307e\u3063\u305f\u898f\u5247\u3067\u4f5c\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u7d71\u8a08\u7684\u306b\u30e9\u30f3\u30c0\u30e0\u306b\u898b\u3048\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8a2d\u8a08\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u306a\u305c\u4e00\u69d8\u4e71\u6570\u304b\u3089\u59cb\u3081\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3059\u304b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e00\u69d8\u4e71\u6570\u3055\u3048\u3042\u308c\u3070\u3001\u5909\u63db\u3067\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u306e\u5206\u5e03\u304c\u4f5c\u308c\u308b\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Box-Muller \u6cd5\u306f\u4eca\u3082\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3088\u308a\u901f\u3044\u65b9\u6cd5\u3082\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u8003\u3048\u65b9\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u3068\u3057\u3066\u91cd\u8981\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n\n<li>Glasserman P.\u3001Monte Carlo Methods in Financial Engineering\u3001Springer\u30012004\u5e74<\/li>\n\n\n<li>Knuth D. E.\u3001The Art of Computer Programming Volume 2 \u2015 Seminumerical Algorithms\u3001\u7b2c3\u7248\u3001Addison-Wesley\u30011997\u5e74<\/li>\n\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u6570\u5024\u4f8b\u306f <code>compute.py<\/code> \u306b\u3088\u308a\u30b7\u30fc\u30c9\u56fa\u5b9a\u3067\u691c\u7b97\u6e08\u307f\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4f4d\u7f6e: \u6570\u5b66\u7de8 \u7b2c32\u56de \/ \u524d\u63d0: M15 \/ \u6570\u5b66\u7de8: \u306a\u3057 \/ \u3053\u306e\u56de\u3067\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068: \u4e00\u69d8\u4e71\u6570\u304b\u3089\u3001\u9006\u95a2\u6570\u6cd5\u3068 Box-Muller \u6cd5\u3067\u6b63\u898f\u4e71\u6570\u3092\u4f5c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b 0. \u7269\u8a9e \u2015 0\u304c\u51fa\u308b\u3068\u5bfe\u6570\u304c\u767a\u6563\u3059 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":209230,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"swell_btn_cv_data":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[159],"tags":[173],"class_list":["post-208395","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-financial-engineering","tag-fe-math3-ode-numerical"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.4 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u4f4d\u7f6e: \u6570\u5b66\u7de8 \u7b2c32\u56de \/ \u524d\u63d0: M15 \/ \u6570\u5b66\u7de8: \u306a\u3057 \/ \u3053\u306e\u56de\u3067\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068: \u4e00\u69d8\u4e71\u6570\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"\u6c34\u91ce\u502b\u592a\u90ce\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" 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